Genion
目录 |
1 介绍
可以用生成的tpr文件加入补偿离子以中和系统中的静电荷。
genion replaces solvent molecules by monoatomic ions at the position of the first atoms with the most favorable electrostatic potential or at random. The potential is calculated on all atoms, using normal GROMACS particle based methods (in contrast to other methods based on solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equation). The potential is recalculated after every ion insertion. If specified in the run input file, a reaction field, shift function or user function can be used. For the user function a table file can be specified with the option -table. The group of solvent molecules should be continuous and all molecules should have the same number of atoms. The user should add the ion molecules to the topology file or use the -p option to automatically modify the topology.
The ion molecule type, residue and atom names in all force fields are the capitalized element names without sign. Ions which can have multiple charge states get the multiplicilty added, without sign, for the uncommon states only.
With the option -pot the potential can be written as B-factors in a pdb file (for visualisation using e.g. rasmol). The unit of the potential is 1000 kJ/(mol e), the scaling be changed with the -scale option.
For larger ions, e.g. sulfate we recommended to use genbox.
2 文件
| option | filename | type | description |
|---|---|---|---|
| -s | topol.tpr | Input | Run input file:tpr tpb tpa |
| -table | table.xvg | Input, Opt. | xvgr/xmgr file |
| -n | index.ndx | Input, Opt. | Index file |
| -o | out.gro | Output | Structure file: gro g96 pdb etc. |
| -g | genion.log | Output | Log file |
| -pot | pot.pdb | Output, Opt. | Protein data bank file |
| -p | topol.top | In/Out, Opt. | Topology file |
3 其他选项
| option | type | default | description |
|---|---|---|---|
| -[no]h | gmx_bool | no | Print help info and quit. 帮助。 |
| -[no]version | gmx_bool | no | Print version info and quit. 版本信息。 |
| -nice | int | 19 | Set the nicelevel |
| -xvg | enum | xmgrace | xvg plot formatting: xmgrace, xmgr or none |
| -np | int | 0 | Number of positive ions. 阳离子的个数。 |
| -pname | string | NA | Name of the positive ion. 阳离子的名称。 |
| -pq | int | 1 | Charge of the positive ion. 阳离子的价数。 |
| -nn | int | 0 | Number of negative ions. 阴离子的个数。 |
| -nname | string | CL | Name of the negative ion. 阴离子的名称。 |
| -nq | int | -1 | Charge of the negative ion. 阴离子的价数。 |
| -rmin | real | 0.6 | Minimum distance between ions. 离子之间的最小距离。 |
| -[no]random | gmx_bool | yes | Use random placement of ions instead of based on potential. The rmin option should still work |
| -seed | int | 1993 | Seed for random number generator |
| -scale | real | 0.001 | Scaling factor for the potential for -pot |
| -conc | real | 0 | Specify salt concentration (mol/liter). This will add sufficient ions to reach up to the specified concentration as computed from the volume of the cell in the input tpr file. Overrides the -np and nn options. |
| -[no]neutral | gmx_bool | no | This option will add enough ions to neutralize the system. In combination with the concentration option a neutral system at a given salt concentration will be generated. |
4 实践
1st
- " -s: "指定系统tpr文件。
- " -p: "指定系统拓扑文件,在往系统中添加金属离子时,genion会往拓扑文件最后的分子类型中写入添加的离子数,并修改拓扑文件中系统原子数。
- " -o: "指定输出文件,genion的输出是pdb文件或者gro等结构文件。也就是说你产生这个文件之后,还要再用这个文件产生tpr文件。
- " -np/-nn: "带正/负电金属粒子的数目。这个数目有一点讲究,一般需要看个人的应用。假如想要得到" 0.1mol/L " 的离子浓度到底要加多少,可以自己算一下(很简单,方法很多,比如看课本)。也可以直接使用" -conc " 参数直接指定离子浓度,在使用" -conc "参数时,建议使用" -neutral "参数配合,即使系统的最后处于电中性。嗯,gromacs开发组想得不要太周到哦(南京话)。
- " -pn/-nn "指定正负金属离子的名字,比如" NA+ "或者" CL- "。可以看看gromacs安装途径" share/gromacs/top/ " 下面你用的力场文件中离子到底用什么名字,也可以使用新的离子,但是要在力场中定义,或者把新离子的itp文件使用" include "添加到系统拓扑文件中。
- " -random "随机位置添加离子。这个比较有说法,如果不用该参数,那么离子就会添加在势能最低处,即靠近蛋白质相反电量的部位。有的人说这样可以节省时间,但是这样一跑MD,离子就会抱跟着蛋白,死死不放,不是很好。
- " -seed "有随机,就是随机种子,如果发现使用" -random "添加离子自由,离子离蛋白太近(比如说小于0.1nm),那么可以指定新的seed。
例如:
genion -s topol.tpr -o system_ion.pdb -p system.top -np 100 -pname Na -nn 100 -nname Cl -random
说明一下:加了100个Na和100个Cl,随机加,输出文system_ion.pdb文件。再使用grompp生成一个新的tpr,就可以计算了。
5 已知问题
- Calculation of the potential is not reliable, therefore the -random option is now turned on by default.
- If you specify a salt concentration existing ions are not taken into account. In effect you therefore specify the amount of salt to be added.
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6 参见
- Gromacs Manual